Oracle 12cR2 Wallet Installation and Configuration

Oracle Encryption Wallet Version 12.2.0.1

General Information

Library Note

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Secure storage of encryption keys and certificates

Data Dictionary Objects

CDB_WALLET_ACES	GV$ENCRYPTION_WALLET	NACL$_WALLET_EXP_TBL
CDB_WALLET_ACLS	GV$WALLET	USER_WALLET_ACES
DBA_WALLET_ACES	NACL$_WALLET	V$ENCRYPTION_WALLET
DBA_WALLET_ACLS	NACL$_WALLET_EXP	V$WALLET

Exceptions

Error Code	Reason
ORA-28353	Wallet did not open
ORA-28354	Encryption wallet, auto login wallet, or HSM is already open
ORA-28368	Can not autocreate wallet
ORA-28390	Auto login wallet not open but encryption wallet may be open

Topics

Create Infrastructure

KEYSTORE

WALLET

Create: Operating System Level

Create directory mkdir $ORACLE_BASE\admin\<SID>\wallet

-- Note: This step is identical with the one performed with SECUREFILES. If a wallet already exists skip this step.

host

      

      mkdir $ORACLE_BASE\admin\orabase\wallet

      

      exit

Alter SQLNET.ORA file -- Note: This step is identical with the one performed with SECUREFILES. If a wallet already exists skip this step.

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: c:\app\oracle\product\12.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools. # This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to # install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native # authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT. SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS) NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT) ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION= (SOURCE= (METHOD=FILE) (METHOD_DATA= (DIRECTORY=c:\app\oracle\admin\orabase\wallet)))

-- Note: if you do not use this wallet location expect ORA-28368: cannot auto-create wallet when setting the key

Create: Database Level

Set Encryption Key ALTER SYSTEM SET encryption key authenticated by "<password>";

conn / as sysdba

      

      SQL> show con_name

      

      CON_NAME

      ------------------------------

      CDB$ROOT

      

      ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION KEY AUTHENTICATED BY "N0way!";

      

      desc gv$encryption_wallet

      

      col wrl_parameter format a40

      

      SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;

KEYSTORE

Create Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE KEYSTORE '<keystore_location>'
IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>;

Create Autologin Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE [LOCAL] AUTOLOGIN KEYSTORE' <keystore_location>' IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>;

Open Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password> [CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>];

Close Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>] [CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>];

Backup Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT BACKUP KEYSTORE [USING '<backup_identifier>'] [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore_password>] TO '<keystore_location>';

Alter Keystore Password ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT ALTER KEYSTORE PASSWORD
[IDENTIFIED BY <old_keystore_password>] SET <new_keystore_password>] [WITH BACKUP [USING '<backup_identifier>']];

Merge Into New Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT MERGE KEYSTORE '<keystore1_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore1_password>] ADD KEYSTORE '<keystore2_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore2_password>] INTO NEW KEYSTORE '<keystore3_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore3_password>];

Merge Into Existing Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT MERGE KEYSTORE '<keystore1_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore1_password>] INTO EXISTING KEYSTORE '<keystore2_location>' [IDENTIFIED BY <keystore2_password>] [WITH BACKUP [USING '<backup_identifier>']];

Administer Key Management Syntax ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT <key_management_clauses>

Administer Key Management Syntax ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT <secret_management_clauses>

Create Keystore Administrator for containers 1 and 3

SQL> CREATE USER c##sec_admin IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

      

      User created.

      

      SQL> GRANT create session TO c##sec_admin;

      

      Grant succeeded.

      

      SQL> GRANT syskm TO c##sec_admin;

      

      Grant succeeded.

      

      -- also grant create session

      SQL> conn sys@pdbdev as sysdba

      Enter password:

      Connected.

      

      SQL> GRANT create session TO c##sec_admin;

      

      Grant succeeded.

Create Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE [LOCAL] [AUTO_LOGIN] KEYSTORE <'keystore_path_and_location'> IDENTIFIED BY <password>;

conn / as sysdba

      

      SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT CREATE KEYSTORE 'c:\app\oracle\admin\orabase\wallet' IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

Open Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY <password> [CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>];

conn / as sysdba

      

      SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

      

      keystore altered.

      

      SQL> SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;

      

      WRL_TYPE WRL_PARAMETER                       STATUS             WALLET_TY WALLET_OR FULLY_BAC CON_ID

      -------- ----------------------------------- ------------------ --------- --------- --------- ------

      FILE     C:\APP2\ORACLE\ADMIN\ORABASE\WALLET OPEN_NO_MASTER_KEY PASSWORD  SINGLE    UNDEFINED      1

      

      -- log in to container 3

      SQL> conn sys@pdbdev as sysdba

      

      SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "N0Way!";

      

      SQL> SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;

      

      WRL_TYPE  WRL_PARAMETER  STATUS             WALLET_TYPE WALLET_OR FULLY_BAC CON_ID

      --------- -------------- ------------------ ----------- --------- --------- ------

      FILE                     OPEN_NO_MASTER_KEY PASSWORD    SINGLE    UNDEFINED      3

Set a Master Key ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY '<keystore_password>'] [WITH BACKUP USING '<backup_name>' [CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>;

SQL> conn c##sec_admin/"N0Way!"

      password:

      

      SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY "N0WayIn!" WITH BACKUP USING 'tde_key_backup';

      ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY "N0Access!" WITH BACKUP USING 'tde_key_backup'

      *

      ERROR at line 1:

      ORA-46671: master key not set in root container

      

      SQL> conn c##sec_admin/"N0Way!"

      Connected.

      

      SQL> ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEY IDENTIFIED BY "N0WayIn!" WITH BACKUP USING 'tde_key_backup';

      

      keystore altered.

      

      SQL> SELECT * FROM v$encryption_wallet;

      

      WRL_TYPE  WRL_PARAMETER                        STATUS  WALLET_TYPE WALLET_OR FULLY_BAC CON_ID

      --------- ------------------------------------ ------- ----------- --------- --------- ------

      FILE      C:\APP\ORACLE\ADMIN\ORABASE\WALLET\  OPEN    PASSWORD    SINGLE    NO             1

Close Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE [IDENTIFIED BY '<keystore_password>'] [CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>;

SQL> ADMINISTER 
      KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE IDENTIFIED BY "N0Access!";

      

      keystore altered.

Drop Keystore ADMINISTER KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE [IDENTIFIED BY '<keystore_password>'] [CONTAINER = <ALL | CURRENT>;

SQL> ADMINISTER 
      KEY MANAGEMENT SET KEYSTORE CLOSE IDENTIFIED BY "N0Access!";

      

      keystore altered.

WALLET

Open the wallet ALTER SYSTEM SET [ENCRYPTION] WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY <password>;

desc gv$encryption_wallet

      

      col wrl_parameter format a50

      

      SELECT *

      FROM gv$encryption_wallet;

      

      ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY "N0way!";

      

      -- failure to do so will result in: ORA-28365: wallet is not open

      SELECT *

      FROM  v$encryption_wallet;

Close the wallet ALTER SYSTEM SET WALLET CLOSE;

ALTER SYSTEM SET WALLET CLOSE;